What role does a camshaft play in an engine?

The role of the camshaft in an engine is primarily to control the opening and closing of the valves. This function is crucial because the timing and duration that the valves remain open directly influence the engine’s performance and efficiency. The camshaft rotates as the engine operates, and its lobes strike the valve lifters or pushrods, which in turn actuate the valves. This precise timing ensures that air and fuel can enter the combustion chamber and exhaust gases can exit at the appropriate intervals during the engine's four-stroke cycle.

This regulatory mechanism is essential for optimizing the engine's operational characteristics, allowing it to produce power efficiently while adhering to emission standards. Proper functioning of the camshaft affects engine speed, power output, and overall performance, making it integral to the engine's design and function.